Plantains are used as food plants by the larvae of some species of Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth)—see list of Lepidoptera that feed on plantains. [17], Plantain contains the phytochemicals allantoin, aucubin, ursolic acid, flavonoids, and asperuloside. Scientific Name. Other Common Names: Geater or common plantain, broadleaf plantain, rippleseed plantain, wagbread, white man’s foot, plantain majeur (French), groblad (Swedish), Wegerich (German), græðisúra (Icelandic), piharatamo (Finnish). Plantago lanceolata/major Posted by sarahearm ⋅ September 13, 2015 Plantago lanceolata / major Common name: Lance shaped plantain [14], Some cultivars are planted as ornamentals in gardens, including 'Rubrifolia' with purple leaves, and 'Variegata' with variegated leaves. Plantain does particularly well in compacted or disturbed soils and can survive repeated trampling. This article is about the plant genus. Plantain has been consumed as human food since prehistory. Plantago major is notable for its ability to colonize compacted and disturbed soils, and to survive repeated trampling. (2011). condensed tannins; ~14 g/kg DM), affect the acetate-propionate ratio in the rumen, which is a primary mechanism by which methanogenesis is restricted. Care should be taken when collecting Plantago major from the wild for medicinal or edible purposes, since plants may contain high concentrations of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium where they grow along roads[299. [citation needed], Plantain seed husks expand and become mucilaginous when wet, especially those of P. psyllium, which is used in common over-the-counter bulk laxative and fiber supplement products such as Metamucil. Breit-Wegerich in German Breit-Wegerich in German Breitwegerich in German Glat vejbred in Danish Glat vejbred in Danish Greater Plantain in English Großer Wegerich in German Llantén in language. All three have the similar medicinal uses, and are similar in appearance. Plantago is a perennial weed with almost worldwide distribution. ... Common names are used instead of botanical. plantago lanceolata is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.5 m (1ft 8in) by 0.2 m (0ft 8in). pachyphylla . A dose of at least 7 grams daily taken with adequate amounts of fluid (water, juice) is used by some for management of elevated cholesterol. The seeds are so small that they are tedious to gather, but they can be ground into a flour substitute or extender. 112 1753 . [12] The ability of plantain to survive frequent trampling and colonize compacted soils makes it important for soil rehabilitation. In North America, P. major and P. lanceolata are the two most common introduced species in the Plantago genus. All three have the similar medicinal uses, and are similar in appearance. Psyllium is the common name used for several members of the plant genus Plantago and Plantago ovata, Psyllium husk and Ispaghula husk are other generic name for this imperative plant. There are a number of psyllium products used for constipation. Bloom Color: Green. "Influence of different dietary forages on the fatty acid composition of rumen digesta as well as ruminant meat and milk", Animal Feed Science and Technology, 145(1-4), 418–437. The record derives from WCSP (in review) (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as an accepted name with original publication details: Sp. It is also a common garden weed. It is often seen on cultivated land, lawns, and pastures. Plantago asiatica . Botanical Name: Plantago major. [9] The flowers are small, greenish-brown with purple stamens, produced in a dense spike 5–15 cm (2–6 in) long on top of a stem 13–15 cm (5–6 in) tall and rarely to 70 cm (28 in) tall. They are found in many different habitats, most commonly in wet areas like seepages or bogs. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report. ]. Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Plantago. For example, archaeological recovery along California's Central Coast has demonstrated use of this species as a food since the Millingstone Horizon. The seeds can be cooked like rice.[8]. Plantago villifera Kitag. The boundaries of the genus Plantago have been fairly stable, with the main question being whether to include Bougueria (one species from the Andes) and Littorella (2–3 species of aquatic plants). Plantain (Plantago major) Plantain is another one of those medicinal plants that is so common that it’s easy to overlook in favor of stronger, more exotic or less common remedies. Way bread (Engl.) List of various diseases cured by Plantago. The usual dose is about 3.5 grams twice a day. Common plantain, Greater plantain, Large plantain, Plantain, Broadleaf plantain, Waybread, Buckhorn plantain, Great plantain, Rippleseed plantain, Broad-leaved plantain, Grand plantain, Nipple-seed plantain, Ripple-seed plantain, Whiteman's-foot, Pilger's plantain, Cart-track plant, Intermediate plantain, Thickleaf plantain, White-man's-foot Psyllium, scientifically known as plantago ovata has gained a reputation as a natural medicinal plant. For the fruit also called. Plantago major Lour. The leaves are sessile or have a poorly-defined petiole. Description. [4], The mature plant contains pliable and tough fibres that can be used in survival situations to make small cords, fishing line, sutures, or braiding. It is a common weed on cultivated or disturbed land. Names of Plantago in various languages of the world are also given. Reportedly brought to the Americas by Puritan colonizers, plantain was known among some Native American peoples by the common name "white man's footprint", because it thrived in the disturbed and damaged ecosystems surrounding European settlements. Most are herbaceous plants, though a few are subshrubs growing to 60 cm (24 in) tall. This mucilage, also known as psyllium, is commonly sold as Isabgol, a laxative which is used to control irregular bowel syndrome and constipation. Habitat: Plantain is originally native to Europe and temperate parts of Asia. In Slovenia and other Central European regions, the leaves were traditionally used topically as a cure for blisters resulting from friction (such as caused by tight shoes etc.). It is believed to be one of the first plants to reach North America after European colonisation. intermedia is found near the sea. Other names include broadleaf plantain, greater plantain, thickleaf plantain, ribgrass, ribwort, ripplegrass, and waybread. intermedia . [21][22] The root was used for fever and respiratory infections. Plantago major is an herbaceous perennial plant with a rosette of leaves 15–30 cm (6–12 in) in diameter. 2005. Subspecies major is found in cultivated land and grassy places and ssp. Mucilage from desert indianwheat (Plantago ovata) is obtained by grinding off the husk. Broadleaf Plantain, Common Plantain, Greater Plantain. In Latin the name was formed from the classical Latin word planta = "sole of the foot". Plantago major L. Genbank common name: common plantain NCBI BLAST name: eudicots Rank: species Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) [18][23], Species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae, "The traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Plantago major L. A review", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plantago_major&oldid=992526336, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2012, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from July 2012, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 5 December 2020, at 18:59. Plantago rugelii is the most common in North America, but Plantago major and Plantago lanceolata can also be found. [3][8] Each leaf is oval-shaped, 5–20 cm (2–8 in) long and 4–9 cm (1.6–3.5 in) broad, rarely up to 30 cm (12 in) long and 17 cm (7 in) broad, with an acute apex, a smooth margin, and a distinct petiole almost as long as the leaf itself. Native americans also called it White Mans Foot and Englishmans foot. Herbarium Catalogue (37 records) Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status; Oct 28, 2016: Chantaranothai, P. et al. pilgeri . Plantaginaceae. Plantago halophila . [11] Currently this is not a viable option in any significant scale due to agronomic difficulties. Learn how and when to remove this template message, list of Lepidoptera that feed on plantains, Piecing together the "new" Plantaginaceae, Lewis and Short's Latin-English Dictionary, "The traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Plantago major L. A review", Common Plantain, from Mrs. Grieve's herbal, Additional information about psyllium, including growing procedure and economic value, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plantago&oldid=992954855, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 00:48. Plantago major, or Plantain, is an herbaceous, flowering, perennial species of Plantago. How Plantago is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Plantago major L. var. There are about 200 species of Plantago, including: The genus name Plantago descends from the classical Latin name plantago, which in classical Latin meant some Plantago species, including Plantago major and Plantago media. [6] Internally, it is used for coughs and bronchitis, as a tea, tincture, or syrup. Plantago major grows in lawns and fields, along roadsides, and in other areas that have been disturbed by humans. Plantago major L. is an accepted name… Other names for broadleaf plantain include common plantain, greater plantain and wild plantain. Plantago is a genus of about 200 species of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae, commonly called plantains or fleaworts. Family. [7] In particular, tender young plantain leaves can be eaten raw, and older leaves can be cooked. It is believed to be one of the first plants to reach North Americaafter European colonisation. [8][10] Each plant can produce up to 20,000 seeds, which are very small and oval-shaped, with a bitter taste.[11]. Pharmacology Online 2: 1265–1271. The plant is native to most of Europe and northern and central Asia,[1][2][3] but has widely naturalised elsewhere in the world.[1][4][5][6][7]. Plantago major ssp. P. psyllium seed is useful for constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, dietary fiber supplementation, and diverticular disease. P. major has a plethora of common names – common plantain being the one that the USDA prefers. [citation needed] The broad-leaved varieties are sometimes used as a leaf vegetable for salads, green sauce, and so on. 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